Joining Letters

Connect letters smoothly to build fluent, joined-up writing.

  • Define and explain Joining Letters in your own words
  • Use key terms such as baseline accurately
  • Apply what you have learned to new examples and questions
  • Avoid the common mistakes learners make with this topic

This lesson focuses on Joining Letters: connect letters smoothly to build fluent, joined-up writing.

Definition: Joining Letters

Connect letters smoothly to build fluent, joined-up writing.

Key ideas

Start at the top

Almost every letter starts at the top and travels down or around. Starting letters in the right place keeps them neat and makes joining them later much easier.

Spaces matter as much as letters

Leave a finger-width space between each word so your writing can be read easily. Words that run together are hard to read, even when every letter is perfect.

Key term — baseline: The line that letters sit on. Round letters like a, c and o rest on the baseline.

Worked example: Joining Letters

Which of these letters have ascenders: b, a, h, g?

b and h.

Answer: b and h.

Common mistakes
  • Writing letters in different sizes Use the lines to guide you: tall letters reach the top line, small letters stay between the lines.
  • Starting letters at the bottom Nearly all letters start at the top. Bottom-up letters are slow and hard to join later.

Practice

Which of these letters have descenders: p, m, y, n?
Which drop below the line?

p and y.

Where should round letters like o sit?
Think about the baseline.

Resting on the baseline.

When do you use a capital letter?
Think of names and sentences.

At the start of a sentence and for names of people and places.

What is a tripod grip?
How many fingers?

Holding the pencil with the thumb and first two fingers.

Quick check

Joining Letters — quick check

Which of these best defines "baseline"?

The line that letters sit on. Round letters like a, c and o rest on the baseline.

How big should the space between words be?

About one finger-width.
Key takeaways
  • Joining Letters: connect letters smoothly to build fluent, joined-up writing.
  • Start at the top: Almost every letter starts at the top and travels down or around.
  • ascender: The tall part of a letter that rises above the rest, such as the top of b, d, h and k.
  • Watch out for: writing letters in different sizes